EWITH Digital EcosystemEcosistema Digitale EWITH
EWITH (Energy Efficiency for Water management with Innovative Technologies and methodologies also based on Hydrogen systems) is a comprehensive research & industrial development project funded by the Italian Ministry of Enterprises and Made in Italy (MIMIT). This cloud-native suite integrates all computational, algorithmic, and software deliverables of the project into a single operational portal. EWITH (Efficienza Energetica nei Sistemi Idrici con Tecnologie Innovative anche a Idrogeno) è un programma strategico di Ricerca & Sviluppo approvato dal Ministero delle Imprese e del Made in Italy (MIMIT - Accordi per l'Innovazione). Questa suite integra tutti i modelli numerici, gli algoritmi di ottimizzazione e i deliverable software del progetto in un unico portale operativo.
🛠️ Project Modular Software Tools EcosystemEcosistema Modulare degli Strumenti Software Multi-Deliverable Architecture
Select any tool below to launch the dedicated interactive simulation engine.Seleziona uno strumento sottostante per avviare il motore di simulazione interattivo dedicato.📍 Core Pilot Infrastructure: Mugnano Elevation 110 Pumping StationInfrastruttura Pilota: Centrale di Sollevamento Mugnano Q.ta 110 Phlegraean Area Hub
Delivery POD: IT001E00016841 (20 kV Medium Voltage)| Infrastructure Asset | Technical Specification | Contractual Baseline | Operational Target | Associated OR Pillar |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pumping Station | 8 High-Capacity Centrifugal Pumps (3×315 kW + 5×400 kW) | Installed Power: 2,945 kW @ 400V | Automated N+1 / N+2 Redundancy | OR 2 • OR 7 |
| Electrical Grid Connection | Medium Voltage 20,000 V (e-distribuzione) | Contracted Capacity: 2,390.00 kW | Strict Peak Shaving (≤ 2,390 kW) | OR 2 • OR 13 |
| Hydraulic Delivery Line | Discharge Manifold (H = 80 m head, ~7.85 bar) | Nominal Capacity: 2,700 l/s (9,720 m³/h) | Feed Reservoir 1 - 3 (Melito / Monteruscello) | OR 1 • OR 7 |
| Power Supply Contract | Free Market Indexing (PUN GME - A2A Energia) | Annual Demand: 18.70 GWh/year | Night Shift (F3) & ARERA Penalty Removal | OR 7 • OR 13 |
Historical Baseline Operation Unmanaged Dispatch
EWITH Optimized Pumping (DSS) Smart Schedule Active
🚰 Hourly Pumped Flow vs Electricity Tariff (€/kWh) Load Shifting to F3
📉 Hourly Power Demand vs Contract Limit (2,390 kW) Peak Shaving
📅 Recommended 24-Hour Dispatch Plan (Automated Schedule)
| Time Window | Tariff Band | Active Power | Pumped Flow | Dispatched Pump Units | Hourly Cost |
|---|
⚡ Pump-As-Turbine (PAT) Semi-Empirical Predictor & Energy Recovery Deliverable D.OR6.3 • Univ. Vanvitelli
Predict turbine mode performance starting from standard centrifugal pump BEP.In water distribution networks, pressure reducing valves (PRVs) dissipate excessive hydraulic energy as head loss. The PAT mathematical model developed by the University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" uses semi-empirical formulations (Williams, Amelio, and Loss-Modeling methods) to predict the reverse turbine characteristic curves without requiring expensive lab testing.
📈 Predicted Characteristic Curves: Head H(Q) and Power P(Q) in Turbine Mode
🟢 Green Hydrogen & Renewable Power-to-Gas (PtX) Simulator Deliverables D.OR5.1 • D.OR8.1 • Idroambiente / Nemesi
Sizing of water electrolyzer, renewable power coupling, and high-pressure storage buffer.Under OR 5 and OR 8, excess on-site renewable energy produced from photovoltaic panels (20.16 kW nominal) and micro-wind turbines (4.0 kW nominal) is routed through an automated electrolyzer to produce high-purity hydrogen. The gas is compressed up to 200 bar into dedicated cylinder storage bundles to fuel hybrid CHP cogeneration units during peak hours.
📊 Daily Renewable Power Profile vs Electrolyzer Hydrogen Generation Rate (g/h)
🔥 Hydrogen-Enriched Fuel Blends & Combustion Simulator (OR 12) Deliverable D.OR12.1 • Univ. Vanvitelli
1D combustion modeling of hydrogen-methane (HCNG), syngas, and diesel for CHP engines.OR 12 focuses on developing mathematical combustion models for internal combustion engines fueled with hydrogen blends. Adding hydrogen accelerates flame propagation speed, expands lean-burn flammability limits, and displaces carbon content, leading to significant reductions in greenhouse gases and pollutant emissions.
📉 Emission Benchmarking: Pure Baseline vs H₂-Enriched Fuel Blend
🗺️ Phlegraean Macro-Districts & Remote Sentinel Network (OR 1 & OR 3) Deliverables D.OR1.1 • D.OR3.1 • Costrame / IA Consulting
Macro-district partitioning and remote FCM flow/pressure monitoring topology.OR 1 and OR 3 establish the dynamic hydraulic baseline of the water distribution infrastructure. The network is partitioned into strategic macro-districts supplied from the core lifting node at Mugnano Q.ta 110, continuous monitoring is performed via five critical FCM (Flow & Pressure Monitoring) telemetry stations.
Primary lifting facility equipped with 8 pumps (2,945 kW). Discharges directly to the main pressure manifold.
Head balancing reservoir complex. Acts as hydraulic buffer during night load-shifting (F3 pumping schedule).
Main urban distribution trunk. Equipped with PRVs targeted for OR 6 PAT hydropower recovery harvesting.
Long-distance marine transmission link feeding the island of Ischia from the continental Phlegraean header.
📡 Remote Flow & Pressure Monitoring (FCM) Telemetry Sensors
| Station ID | Location / Node | Monitored Parameters | Telemetry Unit | Current Reading | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FCM-01 | Mugnano Q.110 Discharge Header | Manifold Pressure, Total Inflow Q | Sentinel Dual-Channel IoT | 7.85 bar • 1,850 l/s | Operational |
| FCM-02 | Melito Nuovo Reservoir Inlet | Reservoir Level, Inlet Flow Q | Sentinel Ultrasonic Level + EM Flow | Level: 7.8 m • 1,220 l/s | Operational |
| FCM-03 | Monteruscello PRV Chamber | Upstream/Downstream Head ΔH, Flow Q | Sentinel Differential Pressure | ΔH: 45 m • 920 l/s | PAT Candidate |
| FCM-04 | Pozzuoli Interconnection Vault | Branch Pressure, Residual Chlorine | Sentinel Multi-Parameter | 4.8 bar • Cl: 0.22 ppm | Operational |
| FCM-05 | Baia Subsea Booster Terminal | Subsea Manifold Pressure, Surge Sensor | Sentinel High-Pressure IoT | 8.2 bar • 450 l/s | Operational |
⚙️ Electromechanical Inventory & Manual Dispatch Simulator OR 2 • Machine Telemetry
Toggle pump switches to simulate manual operation and assess instantaneous electrical load and flow.📋 Nameplate Electromechanical Specifications (Pumps EP 1 - EP 8)
| Unit ID | Motor Manufacturer | Motor Model | Hydraulic Pump Model | Flow Q | Design Head H | Rated Power | Hydraulic Efficiency η | Optimal Dispatch Strategy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP 1 | Siemens | 1LE55033AB734GRO-Z | KSB OMEGA 250 480A | 250 l/s (900 m³/h) | 80 m | 315 kW (400V) | 62.3% | Standby / Peak Trim |
| EP 2 | Siemens | 1LE55033AB734GRO-Z | KSB OMEGA 250 480A | 250 l/s (900 m³/h) | 80 m | 315 kW (400V) | 62.3% | Standby / Peak Trim |
| EP 3 | Siemens | 1LE55033AB734GRO-Z | KSB OMEGA 250 480A | 250 l/s (900 m³/h) | 80 m | 315 kW (400V) | 62.3% | Standby / Peak Trim |
| EP 4 | Leroy-Somer | PLS315LG4 B3 | KSB ETANORM R G 300-500 | 350 l/s (1,260 m³/h) | 80 m | 400 kW (400V) | 68.7% | Secondary Modulation |
| EP 5 | Marelli | B5C3532Q10920 | FLOWSERVE 300-LNNV-600 | 400 l/s (1,440 m³/h) | 80 m | 400 kW (400V) | 78.5% | Primary Base-Load |
| EP 6 | Marelli | B5C3532Q10920 | FLOWSERVE 300-LNNV-600 | 400 l/s (1,440 m³/h) | 80 m | 400 kW (400V) | 78.5% | Primary Base-Load |
| EP 7 | Marelli | B5C3532Q10920 | FLOWSERVE 300-LNNV-600 | 400 l/s (1,440 m³/h) | 80 m | 400 kW (400V) | 78.5% | Primary Base-Load |
| EP 8 | Electric Motor Belgium | - | Pump Group 400 | 400 l/s (1,440 m³/h) | 80 m | 400 kW (400V) | 78.5% | Primary Base-Load |
📈 Monthly Consumption Comparison 2025 vs 2026 OR 2 • Field Telemetry
⏱️ 12-Month Tariff Band Breakdown ARERA F1 / F2 / F3
⚡ Monthly Peak Power Demand vs Contract Limit (2,390 kW) Critical Anomaly
Contract capacity limit: 2,390.00 kW🧾 Economic Breakdown of Medium Voltage Invoice (April 2026) A2A Bill #826500362488
Total billed consumption: 1,512,831 kWh| Cost Component | Taxable Amount (€) | Share % | Average Unit Cost (€/kWh) | Accounting & Tariff Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy Commodity | € 216,165.89 | 73.01% | 0.1429 €/kWh | F1: 0.11479 €/kWh • F2: 0.14191 €/kWh • F3: 0.12028 €/kWh • Grid losses, dispatching & capacity |
| Grid Transport & Metering | € 25,033.75 | 8.45% | 0.0165 €/kWh | Fixed charge (€ 66.71) • Capacity charge (€ 5,371.25) • Variable charge (€ 19,288.60) • Reactive Penalties (€ 307.19) |
| General System Charges (ASOS / ARIM) | € 47,564.67 | 16.06% | 0.0314 €/kWh | ASOS renewable support (€ 44,971.84) • ARIM general interest (€ 2,592.83) |
| Excise Taxes & Levies | € 7,320.00 | 2.47% | 0.0048 €/kWh | Tier ≤ 200,000 kWh (€ 2,500.00) • Monthly flat fee > 1,200 MWh (€ 4,820.00) |
| TOTAL APRIL 2026 INVOICE | € 296,084.31 | 100.00% | 0.1957 €/kWh | Total all-in delivered power cost: ~195.71 €/MWh (excl. VAT) |
🔌 Reactive Energy Diagnostics & ARERA Power Factor Surcharges
The April 2026 power bill indicates that the Mugnano Elev. 110 pumping station operates at a power factor of Cos(φ) = 0.918 in Peak Band F1 and 0.919 in Mid Band F2, both significantly below the regulatory threshold of 0.95 mandated by ARERA. Reactive energy absorption stands at 43% of active energy (exceeding the 33% deductible allowance), triggering automatic monthly penalty surcharges.
Automated Power Factor Correction Sizing Engine
📑 MIMIT Project Deliverables Matrix & Technical Reporting
Official deliverable registry corresponding to the approved MIMIT Development Plan (Accordi per l'Innovazione). The EWITH Suite directly hosts the software, digital algorithms, and telemetry records supporting each deliverable.
| Deliverable Code | OR Pillar | Official Title | Responsible Partner | Type | Progress % | Status |
|---|
PROJECT E-WITH • MID-TERM PROGRESS TECHNICAL REPORT (SAL 2)
MIMIT Project ID: F/350167/01/X60 | CUP Code: B49J23008290007 | Lead Beneficiary: COSTRAME S.r.l. | Core Pilot: Mugnano Elevation 110 Pumping Station - Melito Nuovo (POD: IT001E00016841)
1. Executive Summary & Digital Suite Architecture (OR 13)
COSTRAME S.r.l. has deployed the integrated EWITH Suite digital portal (hosted at ewithsuite.edar.biz),
which serves as the overarching Edge/Cloud software layer mandated under OR 13. The platform unifies the electromechanical asset inventory (OR 2),
combinatorial pumping dispatch and peak shaving (OR 7), semi-empirical PAT curve generation (OR 6), renewable hydrogen sizing (OR 5/8),
1D combustion modeling (OR 12), and network telemetry (OR 1/3). This deliverable brings OR 13 maturity from 10% to over 85%.
2. OR 2 & OR 7: Pumping Station Dispatch Optimization
Historical telemetry over 12 billing months revealed contractual overshoots in 7 of 12 months (peaking at 2,536 kW vs 2,390 kW contracted) and severe power factor degradation (cos φ = 0.918 with € 3,700/year in ARERA surcharges). The OptiPump DSS implements a hard constraint $P(t) \le 2,390\text{ kW}$, enforces base-load dispatch on high-efficiency Flowserve units ($\eta = 78.5\%$), and shifts pumping volume to off-peak hours (F3). Results verify a 13.5% daily cost reduction (~€ 321,000/year) and over 2,080 MWh/year of primary energy conservation.
3. OR 6: Semi-Empirical PAT Prediction Code
In collaboration with University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", the semi-empirical mathematical code (Deliverable D.OR6.3) has been operationalized into an interactive web tool. Operating engineers can input commercial centrifugal pump BEP parameters to instantaneously derive the 4-quadrant turbine mode characteristic curves and quantify recoverable MWh from distribution head drops.
4. OR 5, OR 8 & OR 12: Clean Hydrogen & Hybrid Cogeneration
The platform provides mass-energy balancing for the 20.16 kW solar PV and 4.0 kW micro-wind electrolyzer coupling, sizing high-pressure 200 bar storage buffers and simulating hydrogen-enriched fuel blends (5-30% H₂) for CHP engines to reduce greenhouse gas emissions during peak demand periods.
📖 Guida Operativa all'Uso della Piattaforma EWITH Suite
Manuale d'uso interattivo e operativo per operatori di acquedotto, tecnici di sala controllo e revisori del Ministero (MIMIT). Questa sezione descrive nel dettaglio le funzionalità di ciascun tool, la logica di inserimento dati, le modalità di calcolo e l'interpretazione dei risultati.
La piattaforma EWITH Suite nasce per unificare in un unico portale web interattivo tutti i risultati, gli algoritmi di ottimizzazione, i modelli idraulici e i database storici sviluppati nell'ambito del Progetto E-WITH (Accordi per l'Innovazione MIMIT).
Ogni scheda della barra superiore corrisponde a uno specifico Obiettivo Realizzativo (OR) di progetto. Dalla scheda Suite Hub è possibile avere una visione d'insieme con schede riassuntive che consentono di avviare direttamente il tool d'interesse con un solo clic.
OptiPump DSS è il sistema di supporto alle decisioni predittivo dedicato alla Centrale di Sollevamento di Mugnano Q.ta 110 (e applicabile a qualsiasi impianto di pompaggio acquedottistico). L'obiettivo è minimizzare la spesa energetica giornaliera rispettando il vincolo rigido di Peak Shaving (≤ 2.390 kW).
Nel pannello di controllo laterale, imposta il volume totale giornaliero da sollevare verso i serbatoi di testata. Il valore di default è calibrato sui dati storici reali di Mugnano: 139.680 m³/giorno (equivalenti a circa 1.616 l/s medi su 24 ore).
Puoi scegliere tra la tariffazione multioraria reale ARERA indicizzata al PUN (Fasce F1, F2, F3) oppure una tariffa fissa (Flat). Nello scenario indicizzato:
- Fascia F1 (Ore di Punta): 08:00–19:00 dal lunedì al venerdì (~0,165 €/kWh)
- Fascia F2 (Ore Intermedie): 07:00–08:00 e 19:00–23:00 (~0,158 €/kWh)
- Fascia F3 (Ore Vuote / Notturne): 23:00–07:00, weekend e festivi (~0,128 €/kWh)
Spunta la casella "Attiva Vincolo Contrattuale di Picco" (2.390 kW) e clicca su "Esegui Ottimizzazione 24h". L'algoritmo combinatorio calcola la combinazione ottimale tra le 8 pompe (3×315 kW Flowserve/Siemens ad alto rendimento + 5×400 kW Marelli/Leroy-Somer) per ciascuna delle 24 ore del giorno.
Il sistema restituisce immediatamente:
- Costo Giornaliero Ottimizzato vs Baseline: Risparmio verificato del 13,5% (-€879,94/giorno, pari a oltre €321.000/anno).
- Grafico Potenza Oraria: Mostra come il picco venga mantenuto a 2.235 kW, azzerando totalmente i superi di potenza registrati nella gestione storica (2.536 kW).
- Matrice di Dispacciamento Pompe: Indica per ogni singola ora quali pompe devono essere accese (ON) o spente (OFF).
Questo modulo implementa il codice semi-empirico sviluppato dall'Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" (Deliverable D.OR6.3) per la selezione e la previsione delle curve di funzionamento delle Pump As Turbine (PAT).
Imposta la portata idraulica transitante in condotta (in l/s o m³/h) e il salto di pressione piezometrico da abbattere (in metri di colonna d'acqua o bar), tipicamente dissipato da valvole di riduzione della pressione (PRV) o all'ingresso dei serbatoi flegrei.
Scegli la tipologia costruttiva della pompa (centrifuga monostadio, multistadio a cassa divisa o sommersa) e i dati di targa al Best Efficiency Point (BEP) in modalità pompa. Il modello semi-empirico calcola istantaneamente:
- Punto di massimo rendimento in turbina ($Q_{t,BEP}$, $H_{t,BEP}$, $\eta_{t,max}$);
- Potenza elettrica generabile (kW continui);
- Energia idroelettrica recuperabile annua (MWh/anno);
- Stima del costo di installazione (CAPEX) e Tempo di Ritorno dell'Investimento (Payback Period).
Simula la catena Power-to-Gas per la produzione di idrogeno verde da eccedenze rinnovabili e il suo stoccaggio ad alta pressione.
Definisci la potenza installata del campo fotovoltaico (baseline E-WITH: 20,16 kWp con 56 moduli da 360 W) e dell'aerogeneratore microeolico (baseline: 4,0 kW nominali).
Il simulatore adotta un consumo specifico di 55 kWh/kg H₂ per elettrolisi PEM. Vengono calcolati i kg di idrogeno prodotti al giorno, i Normal Metri Cubi (Nm³/giorno) e il volume geometrico del pacco bombole necessario per lo stoccaggio a 200 bar, comprensivo dei requisiti di conformità antincendio dei Vigili del Fuoco.
Basato sulle analisi cinetico-chimiche 1D dell'Università Vanvitelli (OR 12), questo strumento calcola le prestazioni e le emissioni di un motore cogenerativo (CHP) alimentato con miscele arricchite di idrogeno:
- Idrometano (OR 9): Miscela di gas naturale (metano) con 0–25% vol di idrogeno.
- Idrogasolio (OR 10): Combustione dual-fuel gasolio con iniezione dosata di idrogeno in aspirazione.
- Idrobiomassa / Syngas (OR 11): Syngas da gassificazione di cippato legnoso arricchito con H₂.
Muovendo lo slider della frazione volumetrica di H₂, il tool ricalcola istantaneamente la variazione del Potere Calorifico Inferiore (LHV), la riduzione percentuale delle emissioni di CO₂ e l'indice di emissione di NOx.
Permette di visualizzare la topologia della rete idrica flegrea (dalla Centrale di Mugnano Q.110 fino ai serbatoi di Melito, Monteruscello, Pozzuoli e la dorsale per l'Isola d'Ischia). La scheda mostra lo stato in tempo reale delle 5 stazioni FCM (Flow-Counter-Manometer) e delle centraline Sentinella, con il monitoraggio delle perdite fisiche e il bilancio delle pressioni dinamiche.
Nella scheda MIMIT Deliverables è riportata la matrice completa dei 19 deliverable formali previsti dal Piano di Sviluppo. Per ciascun deliverable è indicata la percentuale di avanzamento, il partner responsabile e il collegamento diretto con il modulo informatico corrispondente. Il pulsante "Stampa / Salva in PDF" genera il verbale formale per i SAL e per gli audit del Ministero.
R: I nodi Edge (stazioni FCM e cabina Mugnano) sono dotati di storage locale FIFO (buffer di 30 giorni). In caso di caduta della rete cellulare 4G/5G, i dati vengono memorizzati localmente e sincronizzati automaticamente con il cloud al ripristino del segnale.
R: Sì. L'algoritmo implementa un vincolo che limita gli avviamenti orari a massimo 1 accensione/ora per ogni singola pompa, evitando stress termici sugli avvolgimenti dei motori da 315 kW e 400 kW.
📖 EWITH Suite Operational & User Guide
Interactive operational user manual for water utility operators, control room engineers, and MIMIT ministerial auditors. This section details each tool's functional scope, input parameters, computational methodologies, and analytical interpretation.
The EWITH Suite serves as the central operational hub unifying all numerical algorithms, hydraulic models, and energy databases developed under the E-WITH Project (MIMIT Innovation Agreements).
Each tab in the top navigation corresponds to a specific Project Objective (OR). The Suite Hub provides an executive overview with interactive cards allowing one-click launching of any computational tool.
OptiPump DSS is the predictive decision-support system tailored for the Mugnano Elevation 110 pumping station (and generalizable to any high-capacity water utility lifting facility). It minimizes daily operational expenditure while enforcing a strict Peak Shaving constraint (≤ 2,390 kW).
In the control panel, adjust the total daily volume to be lifted to header reservoirs. The baseline value is calibrated against Mugnano historical telemetry: 139,680 m³/day (~1,616 l/s continuous average).
Choose between indexed Time-of-Use tariffs (ARERA F1, F2, F3) or a flat tariff model. Under the indexed scenario:
- Peak Hours (F1): 08:00–19:00 Mon–Fri (~€0.165/kWh)
- Mid-Peak (F2): 07:00–08:00 & 19:00–23:00 (~€0.158/kWh)
- Off-Peak / Night (F3): 23:00–07:00, weekends & holidays (~€0.128/kWh)
Ensure "Enforce Contractual Peak Shaving" (2,390 kW) is checked, then click "Run 24h Pumping Optimization". The combinatorial solver evaluates all feasible pump combinations across the 8 machines (3×315 kW Flowserve/Siemens + 5×400 kW Marelli/Leroy-Somer) to find the global cost minimum.
Key verified outputs include:
- Daily Cost Savings: 13.5% reduction (-€879.94/day, yielding ~€321,000/year).
- Peak Power Capping: Maximum electrical demand strictly clamped at 2,235 kW, eliminating historical overshoots (up to 2,536 kW).
- Hourly Dispatch Table: Exact operational status (ON/OFF) for all 8 pumps for every hour of the 24-hour cycle.
This module embeds the semi-empirical mathematical code formulated by University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" (Deliverable D.OR6.3) to select and predict operating curves of reverse-running commercial pumps (Pump-As-Turbine).
Specify available pipeline flow rate ($Q$ in l/s or m³/h) and excess piezometric head to be dissipated ($H$ in meters or bar), typically available at Pressure Reducing Valve (PRV) bypass chambers or reservoir inlets.
Choose standard centrifugal casing geometries and pump mode BEP parameters. The code computes:
- Turbine mode Best Efficiency Point ($Q_{t,BEP}$, $H_{t,BEP}$, $\eta_{t,max}$);
- Net continuous electrical output (kW);
- Annual clean energy recovery (MWh/year);
- Estimated CAPEX investment and Simple Payback Period.
Simulates renewable Power-to-Gas coupling and high-pressure buffer cylinder storage.
Define solar PV peak rating (E-WITH benchmark: 20.16 kWp with 56×360W modules) and micro-wind rating (4.0 kW nominal).
Calculates daily hydrogen output in kg/day and Nm³/day based on a PEM electrolyzer consumption of 55 kWh/kg H₂. Determines required water consumption, oxygen co-production, and 200 bar cylinder bank geometric storage volume.
Grounded in the 1D chemical kinetics models of Univ. Vanvitelli (OR 12), this tool evaluates performance and emissions for cogeneration engines powered by hydrogen-enriched fuels:
- Hydromethane (OR 9): Natural gas blended with 0–25% vol hydrogen.
- Hydrogasoil (OR 10): Dual-fuel diesel engine with metered H₂ manifold injection.
- Biomass Syngas + H₂ (OR 11): Wood-chip gasifier syngas enriched with hydrogen.
Adjusting the H₂ volume fraction slider immediately outputs the shift in Lower Heating Value (LHV), fuel density, percentage CO₂ reduction, and NOx emission index.
Visualizes the transmission backbone from Mugnano Elev. 110 through Melito, Monteruscello, Pozzuoli, and to the Island of Ischia. Monitors real-time telemetry from the 5 Remote FCM stations (Flow-Counter-Manometer) and environmental Sentinels, tracking physical leakage indices and hydraulic pressure heads.
The MIMIT Deliverables tab houses the complete registry of 19 formal contractual deliverables. Auditors can track percentage completion, responsible partner assignments, and directly access corresponding digital tools. The "Print / Export to PDF" button formats a formal technical progress document ready for official reporting.
A: Edge nodes feature local FIFO circular buffers (30-day capacity). In the event of cellular (4G/5G) loss, sensor readings are cached locally and backfilled automatically once connectivity is re-established.
A: Yes. The optimization algorithm enforces a maximum of 1 start/stop cycle per hour for any individual machine, protecting high-voltage windings and contactors on the 315 kW and 400 kW units.
📚 Manuale Tecnico-Scientifico di Progetto E-WITH
Riferimento teorico completo, formulazioni matematiche, leggi termodinamiche, cinetica chimica e architettura informatica a supporto di tutti gli Obiettivi Realizzativi (OR 1 – OR 13) del Progetto E-WITH (MIMIT Accordi per l'Innovazione).
Il consumo energetico degli impianti di sollevamento per acquedotti rappresenta oltre il 60% della spesa operativa di un gestore idrico. L'approccio E-WITH formalizza il problema del dispacciamento delle pompe come un problema di programmazione lineare mista intera (MILP) combinato con modelli di machine learning per la stima dinamica dei rendimenti.
1. Vincolo di Fabbisogno Idrico: ∑_{t=1}^{24} ∑_{i=1}^8 (Q_{i} · x_{i,t} · Δt) ≥ V_totale (es. 139.680 m³/giorno)
2. Vincolo Rigido di Peak Shaving: ∑_{i=1}^8 P_{i} · x_{i,t} ≤ P_contrattuale (2.390 kW per Centrale Mugnano)
3. Vincolo di Integrità Meccanica: ∑_{t=2}^{24} |x_{i,t} - x_{i,t-1}| ≤ N_max_switch (max 1 commutazione/ora)
4. Variabili Decisionali: x_{i,t} ∈ {0, 1} indicante lo stato spento/acceso della pompa i-esima all'ora t.
Q_c calcolata = 2.100 · (0,432 - 0,203) ≈ 480–600 kvar di potenza reattiva capacitiva detuned a 189 Hz.
L'utilizzo di pompe centrifughe commerciali fatte funzionare al contrario come turbine idroelettriche (PAT) consente di recuperare energia idraulica dai salti di pressione dissipati dalle valvole PRV, riducendo i costi di investimento (CAPEX) fino al 60–70% rispetto a turbine convenzionali (Pelton o Francis). Tuttavia, i costruttori di pompe non forniscono le curve caratteristiche in modalità turbina.
L'idrogeno verde funge da vettore di accumulo energetico per assorbire l'eccedenza rinnovabile del campo fotovoltaico (20,16 kWp) e della turbina microeolica (4,0 kW).
Energia libera di Gibbs: ΔG° = 237,18 kJ/mol (lavoro elettrico minimo reversibile a 25°C, 1 bar).
Potenziale termoneutro: V_tn = ΔH / (2 · F) = 1,482 V (dove F = 96.485 C/mol, costante di Faraday).
Potenziale reversibile: V_rev = ΔG / (2 · F) = 1,229 V.
L'arricchimento dei combustibili convenzionali (metano, gasolio, syngas) con idrogeno nei cogeneratori CHP consente di decarbonizzare la produzione di energia elettrica e termica a servizio delle pompe. Le simulazioni 1D sviluppate in ambiente CHEMKIN e GT-Power dall'Università Vanvitelli (OR 12) hanno investigato i meccanismi cinetici dettagliati (GRI-Mech 3.0, NUIGMech 1.1).
Per l'Idrometano (CH₄ + H₂): LHV_{H2,massico} = 120 MJ/kg vs LHV_{CH4,massico} = 50 MJ/kg; a livello volumetrico l'H₂ possiede 10,8 MJ/Nm³ vs 35,8 MJ/Nm³ del CH₄.
d[NO]/dt = 2 · k_1 · [O] · [N₂] con k_1 = 1.8 · 10^{14} · exp(-38370 / T) [cm³/(mol·s)].
Poiché l'idrogeno aumenta la temperatura adiabatica di fiamma e la velocità laminare (S_L), l'algoritmo di controllo OR 13 regola l'anticipo di accensione (Spark Timing) e il rapporto aria/combustibile (λ > 1.4, miscela magra) per contenere le emissioni di NOx.
Il sistema digitale sviluppato nell'OR 13 supera le architetture monolitiche centralizzate adottando il paradigma dell'Edge Computing distribuito. Ciascun asset fisico (pompe di Mugnano, stazioni FCM di distretto, banco PAT, elettrolizzatore e cogeneratore CHP) rappresenta un nodo Edge intelligente.
- Livello Campo (Sensoristica): Bus seriale RS-485 con protocollo Modbus-RTU e Modbus-TCP per misuratori di portata elettromagnetici ed inverter.
- Livello Edge Gateway: Microcomputer industriali con runtime Linux real-time ed historian locale (SQLite/DuckDB in buffer circolare).
- Livello Trasmissione Cloud: Protocollo leggero MQTT con payload JSON compresso e cifratura di trasporto TLS 1.3 con certificati X.509 mutui (mTLS).
- Grandezze Elettriche Rapide (V, I, cos φ, kW): Campionamento a 1 Hz, aggregazione RMS a 1 minuto e media quarto-oraria (15 min) per riconciliazione con fatturazione A2A/e-distribuzione.
- Grandezze Idrauliche (P, Q, Livello Serbatoi): Campionamento continuo con invio ad evento per transitori di colpo d'ariete o variazioni repentine.
- Grandezze Ambientali Sentinella (Vento, Radiazione solare, Temperatura): Campionamento a 10 minuti.
Il progetto E-WITH rispetta rigorosamente il principio europeo di "Non Arrecare Danno Significativo all'Ambiente" (DNSH - Do No Significant Harm), ai sensi dell'Art. 17 del Regolamento (UE) 2020/852.
| Obiettivo Ambientale Tassonomia UE | Conformità Progetto E-WITH | Evidenza Tecnica di Verifica |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Mitigazione dei Cambiamenti Climatici | Piena conformità: risparmio annuo di oltre 2.080 MWh di energia elettrica da rete e autoproduzione rinnovabile PAT/FV/Eolico. | Riduzione certificata di 521 tCO₂/anno sul solo nodo pilota di Mugnano Q.110. |
| 2. Adattamento ai Cambiamenti Climatici | Piena conformità: resilienza della rete acquedottistica flegrea contro siccità e picchi di domanda estiva. | Modellazione idraulica macrodistretti e monitoraggio dinamico pressioni. |
| 3. Uso Sostenibile e Protezione Risorse Idriche | Piena conformità: riduzione delle pressioni di esercizio tramite PAT, prevenendo rotture delle condotte e perdite occulte. | Monitoraggio perdite fisiche tramite le 5 stazioni FCM di distretto (OR 3). |
| 4. Transizione verso l'Economia Circolare | Piena conformità: recupero di pompe commerciali dismesse riadattate a turbine idrauliche a basso impatto. | Linee guida di riconversione PAT commerciali (Deliverable D.OR6.2). |
| 5. Prevenzione e Riduzione dell'Inquinamento | Piena conformità: combustione pulita con idrogeno verde e azzeramento emissioni di zolfo e idrocarburi aromatici. | Simulazioni cinetiche 1D CHEMKIN/GT-Power e validazione al banco prova. |
| 6. Protezione della Biodiversità e degli Ecosistemi | Piena conformità: assenza di interferenze con aree protette Natura 2000 o habitat fluviali sensibili (impianti su acquedotto interrato). | Valutazione di impatto ambientale preliminare e schede DNSH approvate da MIMIT. |
📚 EWITH Project Technical & Scientific Manual
Comprehensive theoretical reference, governing fluid equations, thermodynamic laws, chemical kinetics, and software system architecture underpinning all Project Objectives (OR 1 – OR 13) of Project E-WITH (MIMIT Innovation Agreements).
Energy consumption in water utility pumping stations accounts for over 60% of total operational expenditure. The E-WITH methodology formulates the 24-hour pump dispatch problem as a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model coupled with machine learning models for dynamic pump efficiency tracking.
1. Volumetric Continuity: ∑_{t=1}^{24} ∑_{i=1}^8 (Q_{i} · x_{i,t} · Δt) ≥ V_daily (e.g. 139,680 m³/day)
2. Hard Peak Shaving Constraint: ∑_{i=1}^8 P_{i} · x_{i,t} ≤ P_contract (2,390 kW for Mugnano Station)
3. Switching Wear Mitigation: ∑_{t=2}^{24} |x_{i,t} - x_{i,t-1}| ≤ N_max_switch (max 1 startup/hour)
4. Binary Decision Vector: x_{i,t} ∈ {0, 1} indicating operational state of pump i at hour t.
Required reactive rating Q_c = 2,100 · (0.432 - 0.203) ≈ 480–600 kvar of 189 Hz detuned capacitor banks.
Operating standard centrifugal pumps in reverse as hydraulic turbines (PAT) allows harvesting clean energy from excess pressure heads dissipated across Pressure Reducing Valves (PRVs), cutting CAPEX by up to 60–70% compared to bespoke turbines (Pelton or Francis). However, manufacturers do not provide turbine characteristic curves.
Green hydrogen provides seasonal and daily buffer energy storage to capture surplus renewable electricity from the 20.16 kWp solar photovoltaic array and 4.0 kW micro-wind turbine.
Gibbs free energy change: ΔG° = 237.18 kJ/mol (minimum reversible electrical work at 25°C, 1 bar).
Thermoneutral cell voltage: V_tn = ΔH / (2 · F) = 1.482 V (F = 96,485 C/mol, Faraday constant).
Reversible cell voltage: V_rev = ΔG / (2 · F) = 1.229 V.
Blending clean hydrogen with base fuels (methane, diesel, biomass syngas) in CHP engines decarbonizes pumping auxiliary power. 1D numerical simulations conducted in CHEMKIN and GT-Power at Univ. Vanvitelli (OR 12) calibrated detailed kinetic mechanisms (GRI-Mech 3.0, NUIGMech 1.1).
Hydromethane (CH₄ + H₂): LHV_{H2,mass} = 120 MJ/kg vs LHV_{CH4,mass} = 50 MJ/kg; volumetrically H₂ yields 10.8 MJ/Nm³ vs 35.8 MJ/Nm³ for natural gas.
d[NO]/dt = 2 · k_1 · [O] · [N₂] with k_1 = 1.8 · 10^{14} · exp(-38370 / T) [cm³/(mol·s)].
Because hydrogen raises adiabatic flame temperature and laminar burning velocity (S_L), the OR 13 engine controller calibrates spark timing and operates lean (λ > 1.4) to suppress thermal NOx.
The digital architecture developed under OR 13 departs from monolithic centralized frameworks by implementing a distributed Edge Computing paradigm. Pumping stations, district FCM nodes, PAT testbenches, and CHP engines operate as autonomous Edge Analytics nodes.
- Field Sensor Bus: RS-485 serial communication with Modbus-RTU and Modbus-TCP for electromagnetic flowmeters and inverters.
- Edge Gateway Layer: Industrial embedded Linux controllers running localized SQLite/DuckDB circular buffer historians.
- Cloud Ingestion Layer: MQTT over TLS 1.3 with mutual X.509 certificate authentication (mTLS) and compressed JSON payloads.
- Electrical Telemetry (V, I, cos φ, kW): 1 Hz raw sampling, 1-minute RMS aggregation, and 15-minute billing reconciliation.
- Hydraulic Variables (P, Q, Tank Levels): Continuous sampling with event-driven high-frequency logging during water hammer transients.
- Environmental Sentinels (Wind, Solar Irradiance, Temperature): 10-minute average intervals.
Project E-WITH strictly adheres to the European Union principle of "Do No Significant Harm" (DNSH) pursuant to Article 17 of Regulation (EU) 2020/852.
| EU Taxonomy Environmental Objective | E-WITH Project Compliance Strategy | Quantitative Verification Metric |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Climate Change Mitigation | Full compliance: conservation of over 2,080 MWh/year of grid electricity and on-site PAT/PV/Wind generation. | Verified reduction of 521 tCO₂/year at Mugnano Station pilot alone. |
| 2. Climate Change Adaptation | Full compliance: resilience of the Phlegraean water distribution network against extreme seasonal droughts. | Macro-district hydraulic modeling and dynamic pressure zoning. |
| 3. Sustainable Use & Protection of Water | Full compliance: pressure dissipation via PAT reduces pipe bursts and invisible background leaks. | Physical leakage tracking across 5 Remote FCM stations (OR 3). |
| 4. Transition to a Circular Economy | Full compliance: repurposing commercial standard pumps into hydro-turbines, avoiding custom casting manufacturing. | Commercial PAT repurposing guidelines (Deliverable D.OR6.2). |
| 5. Pollution Prevention & Control | Full compliance: clean hydrogen blending eliminates sulfur oxides and soot particulate matter. | 1D CHEMKIN/GT-Power kinetic simulations and testbench trials. |
| 6. Protection of Biodiversity & Ecosystems | Full compliance: zero interference with Natura 2000 protected areas (all installations located on existing underground infrastructure). | Environmental screening and approved MIMIT DNSH documentation. |